What You Should Know About Diphtheria And Its Symptoms
Medically Reviewed by Pharm Chioma
Written by Adaobi Oduenyi
Table of Contents
As of January 22, Nigeria had so far reported 123 cases of diphtheria overall, along with 38 fatalities spread throughout four states of the federation.
Kano State had the most cases, with 100 confirmed infections and 32 fatalities, according to the most recent data from the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC), which was followed by Yobe with 17 infections and three fatalities.
What is Diphtheria?
Diphtheria is a serious infection caused by strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae that make toxins. It can lead to;
Difficulty breathing
Heart rhythm problems
And even death.
Diphtheria is a vaccine-preventable disease, according to the NCDC, and Nigerians should ensure their children receive the three doses of the pentavalent vaccine recommended against it.
“Diphtheria is a serious and potentially fatal disease, by understanding the symptoms and taking steps to prevent the disease, you can protect yourself and your community from the outbreak of diphtheria.“
How does Diphtheria spread?
Diphtheria germs are typically transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets such as those produced by coughing or sneezing. Also, touching infected open sores or ulcers might make someone sick.
Those with a higher risk of illness include:
People in the same household
People with a history of frequent, close contact with the patient
People directly exposed to secretions from the suspected infection site (e.g., mouth, skin) of the patient
Risk factors
People who are at increased risk of catching diphtheria include:
Children and adults who don't have up-to-date vaccinations
People living in crowded or unsanitary conditions
Anyone who travels to an area where diphtheria infections are more common
In the United States and Western Europe, where children have been immunized against the disease for decades, diphtheria is a rare occurrence. However, diphtheria is still widespread in underdeveloped nations with poor immunization rates.
How is Diphtheria diagnosed?
A healthcare professional will make a diagnosis based on symptoms and a lab test. They will use a swab to take a sample from the back of your throat or from a sore. This swab then goes to a lab for diagnosis.
Diphtheria causes what complications?
Diphtheria can result in a number of long-term complications, including:
Blockage of your air passages.
Injury to your heart muscle.
Injury to your nerves.
Sluggishness or lethargy.
Paralysis (being unable to move).
Lung infection or loss of lung function.
How can you prevent Diphtheria?
Make sure your children are vaccinated: It is the parent's responsibility to ensure their children receive their vaccinations.
Self Isolate: If you suspect you or your loved one are showing signs of Diphtheria, self-isolate and call the NCDC Toll-free Number: 6232 | SMS: 08099555577 | WhatsApp: 07087110839
In addition to seeking medical attention, it is also important to practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of diphtheria.
This includes washing your hands frequently, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and staying home if you are sick.
Diphtheria is a serious and potentially fatal disease, by understanding the symptoms and taking steps to prevent the disease, you can protect yourself and your community from the outbreak of diphtheria.
Stay vigilant and make sure you are up to date on your vaccinations.
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